I agree with Malissa that it depends on role, industry but I also think that it depends on your definition of work-life balance. Everyone has different life circumstances and while I think it's a fair question (i.e. the more you make, typically the more responsibility you have at work), it possibly frames income and time as resolute opposites where that may not be entirely accurate. For example, I would ask yourself if you've considered framing work-life balance in terms of what is controllable and not in your life. The more control you have over your working conditions, hours, family/home/personal life (for whatever reason -- be it the employer, household/extended family support), the more you will feel that work-life balance is achievable because you can schedule and move things around as needed, even if you have to work quite hard or even objectively longer hours.

Yes. My former company's Women's Employee Resource Group had a CEO come talk to us. It impressed me that she scheduled flextime to attend to her children daily. She encouraged us to find resources also. Within hours of that meeting I found a babysitter (to help my marriage) and further adjusted my work schedule. There is also an article by a CEO who says he know models flextime and hadn't earlier in his career (when he took an "important call" during a personal event). My former employer is known for flexibility, but is in large part discriminatory. I am interviewing now with a group (in another company) that is allegedly flexible and fair.

Actually yes but you need to structure your role non-traditionally. That means you negotiate when you're available, how your mix of remote/office time will be divided and your PTO is acrued and used. If you find the right position with the right company a work/life balance is absolutely possible at any salary range.

Yes, but it depends on industry and location.