"To claim exemption from federal income tax withholding on your Form W-4, you must meet both of the following conditions for the relevant tax years:
For the prior tax year (e.g., 2024), you had a right to a refund of all federal income tax withheld because you had no tax liability.
For the current tax year (e.g., 2025), you expect a refund of all federal income tax withheld because you expect to have no tax liability.
If you qualify, you can write "Exempt" in the appropriate section of Form W-4, Employee's Withholding Certificate and submit it to your employer. This status only applies to federal income tax, not Social Security or Medicare taxes. You must submit a new Form W-4 by February 15 each year to continue your exemption for the next calendar year. "
If you contribute to the 401k approx the same amount that you will owe in fed taxes, you should complete the deductions worksheet on page 3 of the form W-4. If its greater than the typical deduction for your tax category, you can fill that in on the first page, and it will likely lower your withholding enough. The goal of taxes withheld is to break even, you want neither a huge refund or a large tax bill.
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