Are you asking for paid or unpaid leave?
It's different in the title and in the post.
What I've seen happen (these are all right-to-work states) is that the employee is paid in full until they exhaust their accrued or allowed (per company policy) paid time off (PTO). A short-term disability policy can provide 2/3 of the employee's salary until the employee is out for 90 days. After that, it goes to long-term disability (usually up to a year), which can differ in amount depending on the policy. Many companies do not allow for paid short-term or long-term disability, but some offer them as employee-paid (usually) benefits.
Note: The minimum the employer must pay is the entitled PTO when the absence starts. FMLA only protects the employee's job/position, not the paycheck. State laws and company policy cover anything beyond that. Some companies will have different absence/disability policies depending on the job title and exempt/non-exempt status. Beyond a year, the employee is usually expected to apply for Social Security Disability benefits.
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